Carton feeding device



`lune 5, 1956 c. E. KERR ET A| CARTON FEEDING DEVICE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1Filed Sept. lO, 19.51

OOOOOOOOOOOOO -osx l ATTORNEY June 5, 1956 c. E. KERR ET AL CARTONFEEDING DEVICE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. l0 1951 Nlmiirhil INVENTORSCHARLES E. KERR ROBERT K. GLLOWY Bv kfvM/f ATTORNEY June 5, 1956 c. E.KERR ET AL 2,749,118

CARTON FEEDING DEVICE Filed Sept. lO 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 5' 1 52 Q FIIS- El 37a 2a 33 2e /l s *Y 7 llll/ INVENTORS 30 cHAnLEs e. nenn 32Rosan-r n. sALLowAv ATTORNEY June 5, 1956 c, E. KERR ET AL 2,749,118

' CARTON FEEDING DEVICE Filed Sept. lO, 1951 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 :I1-"I EEl 24, s da l E 2S i237 ad i L5- 3e L Q35 35 27 se VBI :'I E# 7 28 /32mvENToRs 2S CHARLES E. ERR

'34 noasnr n. sALLowAY BY Mw ATTORNEY .lune 5, 1956 Filed Sept. l0 1951C. E. KERR ET AL CARTON FEEDING DEVICE 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 E'IE E INVENTORSCHARLES. E. KERR ROBERT K. GALLOWAY BY All/4 ATTORNEY United Statesatent CARTN FEEDING DEVICE Charles E. Kerr and Robert K. Galloway,Hoopeston,

Ill., assignors to Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation, San Jose,Calif., a corporation of Delaware Application September 10, 1951, SerialNo. 245,778

9 Claims. (Cl. 271--12) This invention relates to a carton feedingdevice for use in handling cartons in flat or collapsed condition andespecially for use with cartons covered with parafn or made otherwiserelatively stiff. A machine of this general character for use inconnection with paraflined cartons is shown in co-pending applicationentitled Carton Opening Mechanism tiled August 21, 1951, with Serial No.242,951 by Charles E. Kerr. Cartons for use in the machine disclosed inthe mentioned co-pending application and referred to herein arecustomarily received at the point of use packed in such a way that thecartons are collapsed with the adjacent sides sometimes adhering orcohering because of the coating of paraffin or other comparablematerial. Additionally, the collapsed cartons themselves may berelatively heavy and stiif and tend when arranged in a le or column notto remain in a straight line but rather to buckle and curve. Theindividual cartons themselves, though ideally at when collapsed,actually take on a concavity or curvature and so force the entire columnto be irregular and bend.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a carton feedingdevice effective to handle collapsed cartons satisfactorily even thoughthe cartons are not flat, but are buckled or curved.

Another object of the invention s to provide a carton feeding devicecapable of taking cartons in succession from an irregular column.

A further object of the invention is to provide a carton feeding deviceelfective to feed one collapsed carton at a time from a column ofadjacent, possibly adherent,

cartons.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a carton feedingdevice easily loaded or charged with collapsed cartons.

An additional object of the invention is to provide a carton feedingdevice easily inspected, cleaned and serviced.

y Another object of the invention is to provide a carton feeding machineuseful in connection with a concurrently operating carton handlingmachine.

A further object of the invention is to provide a generally improvedcarton feeding machine.

Other objects are attained in the embodiment of the invention describedin the accompanying description and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure l is a plan of a carton feeding deviceconstructed in accordance with the invention, a portion of theassociated carton handling mechanism also being disclosed and parts ofthe ligure being broken away to reduce its size. v Figure 2 is a sideelevation of the mechanism shown in Figure l, parts of the associatedcarton handling mechanismbeing omitted andparts being broken away toreduce the size of the ligure.

t Figure 3 is a cross section through part of the mechanism yof Figure2, the planes of section being indicated by the; line 3*-3 of Figure-.1.f

Figure 4 is a cross section of part of the mechanism,

ice

the plane of section being indicated by the line 4-4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a cross section, the plane of section being indicated by theline 5 5 of Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a cross section, the plane of section being indicated by theline 6-6 of Figure 1, and

Figure 7 is an isometric enlargement, parts being broken away, of partof the presser pawl mechanism.

While the carton feeding device can be embodied in a number of differentways depending upon the particular kind of carton with which it is to beutilized and depending also upon other Variable factors, it hassuccessfully been incorporated in connection with a carton handlingmachine such as shown in the above mentioned co-pending application, andas partly illustrated herein.

ln the present instance, the mechanism is primarily designed for usewith cartons which do not necessarily rest in a substantially straightcolumn, yet which must be handled expeditiously and consistently inorder to take care of the machine being fed and in order not in any wiseto interrupt the smooth operation of the continuously working structure.This is primarily for the reason that the mechanism with which thecarton feeding device is utilized operates at sustained high speed.

As shown in Figure 1, the structure includes a general framework 6supporting a rotating wheel 7 having a plurality of carton holders 8thereon. The rotation of the wheel 7 is eiiectuated by any suitable sortof driving mechanism (not shown) which also serves as a source ofdriving power for the carton feeding device as shown in the aboveidentified application.

The framework 6 has an extension that forms a table 11 serving as asupport for the base 12 of a carton magazine frame. A pair of upstandingbrackets 13 and 14 are removably secured to the magazine base 12. Thebrackets are elongated to provide side walls 15 and 16, the side wallsbeing in mirror symmetry about a central axis. The side walls extendsubstantially beyond the table 11 and in general constitute theconfining side walls of the carton magazine. They are provided withremovable low-friction liners 15a and 16a.

The lower wall of the magazine is in effect formed by a pair of rods 17and 18, each of which is constructed with a support foot 19 extendingthrough a clamp boss 21 forming part of the magazine base 12 and held invertically adjusted position therein by a fastener 22. By appropriatelysetting the brackets 13 and 14 on the magazine base 12 to accommodatethe lateral dimension of the carton and by appropriately clamping thefeet 19 at an appropriate vertical height to accommodate the verticaldimension, cartons of various sizes within set limits can readily beheld by the magazine. The collapsed cartons are arranged therein withthe general plane of each carton (even though it may be concaved) in avertical direction and extending as nearly as may be transversely of themagazine. The bottom edge of the carton rests upon the rods 17 and 18 sothat substantially the entire weight of the cartons is borne by saidrods. The lateral confinement of the cartons is etectuatcd by closecontact between the side edges of the cartons and the liners 15a and 16aof the side walls 15 and 16 on the brackets 13 and 14. l y

The collapsed cartons, due to their inherent resiliency and stiffnessand sometimes due toa coating or adhesions, tend to spring into aconcaveshape. Thereforea load for the magazine is strictly not arectilinear column but tends rather to become a curved -columnirregularly spaced and unstable unless confined and specially handled.For that and for other reasons, the. carton magazine is provided with apair` of presser pawls 26 and f 27 on one side and .a similar butindependent pair of presser pawls on the other side.

As especially shown in Figure 7, each of the presser pawls such as 26 isappropriately curved and is mounted to swing into and out of themagazine over and under the walls and 16, respectively. The movement isabout the axis of a pivot bolt 28 extending through an ear 29 formingpart of one of a pair of independent carriages 30 and 31. Since thecarriages 30 and 31 on each side of the magazine are images, thedescription of one applies equally to the other. Each carriage has agenerally flat body 32 around one edge of which springs 33 and 33 arehooked. These springs arranged 'to bear against the presser pawls 26 and27, respectively, to urge them toward the center of the carton magazine.This inward movement of the pawls is stopped by flat extensions 34 and34 on the pawls 2.6 and 27 which abut ribs 32a and 321), respectively,on the body 32'.. The pawls 26 and 2.7 can be depressed against theurgency of thc springs 33 and 33 out of the space enclosed by the sidewalls 15 and 16 but normally are projected by said springs into alocation iu rearward abutment with cartons disposed in the magazineframework.

The carriages 30 and 31 slide or reciprocate on the framework. To thatend, each of the side walls 1:3' and 16 is provided with oppositelydirected rails 35 and 35 defining grooves 36 and 36', respectively, inwhich pairs oi anti-friction rollers 37, 38 and 37', 33 are conned. Therollers are mounted on the body 32 for rotation so that the entirecarriage travels to and fro on the side walls in a rectilinear path.Each of the carriages separately movable either manually by means of anupwardly extending hand grip 37a or may be arranged to be normally urgedlongitudinally of the framework in the direction of the carton dischargeend thereof. For the latter purpose a exible cable 41 is at one endconnected to the body 32 and is trained over a grooved pulicy 42pivotally mounted on the adjacent bracket 13 or 14 as the case may be.At its other end the cable is secured to a weight 43. With thisarrangement, either of the carriages with its pair of presser pawls 26and 27 can be retracted by hand to the extremity of the rails and andthen can be released against cartons put into the magazine, or both ofthe carriages can be simultaneously actuated by an operator and willpress against a carton column even though it is irregular.

In the normal reloading of the magazine, cartons ahead of the presserpawls 26 and 27 are left in position. An additional charge of cartons,in generally columnar arrangement, is deposited between the walls 15 and16 and upon the support rods 17 and 18 behind the extended pawls 26 and27. Then, while the operator holds the new charge of cartons upright, hewithdraws one of the carriages by grasping the hand grip 37a and pullingit to the extremity of the rails 35 and 35'. As the carriage passes bythe new charge of cartons, the pawls 26 and 27 are depressed and thenspring in again just behind the new charge of cartons. The retracted carriage is released, and a similar operation is performed with the otherhand grip and with the other carriage on the other side of the magazine.

Finally both pairs of presser pawls are engaged behind the newlyextended carton column and both are effective upon the positionedcartons to urge the entire column in the magazine inwardly of theframework. This action occurs despite the fact that the last carton inthe column may not be exactly perpendicular to the axis of the columnand even though the cartons may be somewhat bowed and disposed atditerent distances from the framework on opposite sides. Since theseparate pairs of presser pawls can engage immediately with the cartonsand follow them as they are fed into the machine, accommodation is madefor the possibly irregular shape and disposition of the carton column.

It is desired to feed the collapsed cartons one at a time from the endof the column inboard of the described framework, but that action issometimes hampered not only by adhesions between successive foldedcartons but also by the curvature or concavity of the cartons which donot readily yield to the customary treatment. For that reason, a specialfeed arrangement is provided.

A5 shown in Figure 6, on the framework 6 there is provided a drive shaft50 having its axis disposed substantially vertically and arranged torevolve in journals Si formed on a bracket 52 extending from the sidewall 16. The shaft 50 is provided with a drive gear 53 suitabiy arrangedto operate in synchronism with the same drive that rotates the wheel 7.

The drive shaft Si) is designed to serve as a mounting for a swing frame54. Included in the swing frame 54 is a pair of hubs 56 and 57. Theswing frame is extended to an outboard fork 58. An adjusting screw 59having a lock nut 61 not only engages the outboard fork on the swingframe but also engages with a web 62. forming part of the bracket 13. Bythis arrangement, when the screw 59 is disengaged from the web 62, theswing frame can be rotated about the axis of the shaft 56* toward andaway from the bracket 13. These parts can be arranged either in cioscrelationship for normal operation or can be swung apart for inspectionor cleaning and the like. Ordinarily, the screw 53 is engaged and isadjusted so that the swing frame is substantially parallel to thetransverse piane of the carton magazine and is arranged across themagazine and is in registry with but is slightly separated from one endof the magazine to leave a space therebetween.

Mounted on the drive shaft 50 between the hubs 56 and 57 of the swingframe are sprockets 66 and 67 driven in unison with the drive shaft bysot screws 63 engaging the shaft. Parallel conveyor chains 71 and 72 aretrained about the sprockets 66 and 67 and are driven thereby. The chainsare also trained around sprockets 72 and 73. These are rotatably mountedon a non-rotative shaft 74 having straddle-milled end portions 74n and74h seated within bifurcate bearings 76 and '77 formed on the outboardfork 58 of the swing frame. Adjusting devices 78 and 79 carried by thestraddle-milled end portions 74a and 74h serve to effect adjustment ofthe shaft 74 relative to the outboard fork 58. The arrangement is suchthat when the drive shaft 5G is revolved, the two chains 71 and 72 areadvanced in unison. The adjustments 78 and 79 insure that the chains canbe maintained at the proper tension. Since the chain sprockets 66 and 67are concentric with the mounting of the swing frame, the frame can bemoved into and out of operating position without interfering with thedrive mechanism.

In accordance with the invention, each of the chains 71 and 72 isprovided at an appropriate interval, depending upon the timingarrangement of the mechanism, with one of a plurality of propulsion lugs81 incorporated in the body of the chain and having a projecting hook 82especially designed to engage the trailing edge of the leading cartonfrom the column of cartons in the carton magazine. The direction ofadvance of the chains 71 and 71' is such that the tendency of the lugs81 is to force a carton from the magazine toward the receiving wheel 7.

A practical diiculty has been that the cartons often approach the pairof chains, not in the planar fashion but in an inclined relationship andsometimes with the cartons concaved or curved in such a way that theytend to buckle rather than to advance. Sometimes they are so curved ordisplaced that they are not appropriately engaged by the hooked lugs 81.

To overcome these and other troubles, there is provided on the swingframe means for subjecting at least part of an adjacent carton to asubatmosphcric pressure or vacuum so that the carton, no matter howdistorted it is as it approaches the feed chain, is made to assume aplanar and substantially perpendicular relationship so that it can beproperly engaged and carried away by the lugs 81 on the chains 71, 71.This assures appropriate engagement with the conveyors without bucklingand without crowding the operation of the feed mechanism.

Disposed in the swing frame is a vacuum box 91, especially shown inFigures 3 `and 4. The vacuum box is preferably defined by rectangularlydisposed walls 92 integrally incorporated with the swing frame. Thevacuum box walls 92 lead to a tubular connection 93 to which a flexiblehose 94 is connected. The hose extends to any suitable source ofmoderate subatmospheric pressure or vacuum. The extent of thesubatmospheric pressure is not particularly great being only suiicientto draw an adjacent carton toward the vacuum box without holding thecarton so securely that it cannot be simultaneously advanced by the lugson the chain mechanism.

It is desired that a carton urged toward the vacuum box be maintained ina planar condition. This is facilitated by the provision on the vacuumbox of a grid 96 including a pair of coplanar side rails 97 and 98extending transversely across the upper and lower end of the magazine ina plane in front of the general structure of the chains 71 and 71', butbehind the tops of the hooked lugs 81. Supplementing the rails 97 and 98in forming the grid 96 are rods 99 spanning one side of the box 91.These help to correct distortion of the container pressed against thegrid by the vacuum and by the pairs of pawls 26 and 27 on the carriages30 and 31 that force the cartons forward due to the effect of the weight43. This structure provides an arrangement in which the leading orexposed carton, even though displaced and deformed, is flattened againstthe grid 96 and is consequently properly oriented in a perpendicularplane and in a generally planar shape and configuration, asdistinguished from a concave or distorted shape.

The arrangement of the vacuum box 91, of the rails 97 and 98 and of therods 99 establishes in effect a planar surface against which the cartonsare held by vacuum. Stated differently, there is provided a grid in theform of members terminating substantially in the same plane and definingapertures therebetween. No matter how the vacuum arrangement isconsidered, it has the effect of holding a previously concave ordistorted or warped carton in substantially planar shape or conditionagainst the grid in the space between the end of the carton magazine andthe grid.

To assist in supporting a carton by contact with its lower edge as itapproaches and leaves the grid, there is provided on the framework aslide bar 100 mounted substantially coplanar with the rods 17 and 18 onan adjustable support 101. The timing of the chains 71 and '71 is suchwith respect to the operation of the shaft S0 and with respect to theoperation of the adjacent carton receiving wheel 7 that a pair of thehooked lugs 81 engages at an appropriate time vWith the trailing edge ofthe carton attened against the grid and resting on the slide bar 100. Asthe chains advance, the hooked lugs advance the carton simultaneouslyovercoming the frictional load caused by the vacuum without unduedifiiculty. As soon as one end of the advancing carton clears part ofthe apertures of the grid, there is a corresponding vacuum release ofthat carton, and the vacuum then becomes effective on the nextsuperposed carton in the carton magazine.

To make sure that only one carton at a time is displaced from themagazine, the space between the bracket 14 and the grid 96 is adjustablydefined by a gage plate 102 secured in position by fastenings 103operating in slots in the bracket 14. The eiect of this arrangement isthat there can be left an intervening opening or space 104 (Fig. 4)having a dimension just sufficient to pass a carton of the thicknessbeing employed and far too small to permit the passage of more than onecarton at a time.

The advancing carton passing through the opening 104 is further guidedand propelled pursuant to the invention.

For that reason, the framework 6 is provided with an upright spindle 10Scarrying a pair of spaced and knurled guide rolls 106. In opposition tothe rolls 106 is a pair of rotatable guide rolls 107. Each of the rolls107 is carried in one of a pair of forked lever arms 108 secured byjournal pins 109 to appropriate ears 111 extending from the hubs 56 and57 of the swing frame.

To provide variable spacing between the rolls 106 and the rolls 107 soas to accommodate minor irregularities in the cartons being advanced,each lever 108 is provided with an extension 112 which bears against oneend of a spring 113 that is seated against a projection 114 extendingfrom the swing frame. The shaft with its rollers 106 is constantlydriven at a speed that is appropriately related to the operational speedof the carton handling wheel 7 and the effect of the described mechanismis to act as a further guide and driver for the cartons initiallyadvanced by the chains 71 and 71 to carry them individually insuccession and an appropriate direction toward the mechanism 7.

By this invention there is afforded a structure readily applicable to acarton handling machine for use in feeding cartons apt to assume someshape other than planar. The feeding device is effective to permity theinitial stowage of groups of cartons in a column from time to timewithout difliculty on the part of the operator. The carton feedingdevice is effective to straighten the cartons which may have becomeconcaved or caught or out of position, and to hold them in flatrelationship against a supporting grid. The cartons are not onlysupported in planar condition but they are held with their general planevertically and without falling or dislodging by gravity. The carton soheld is readily advanced by the conveyor, being only releasably retainedin an appropriate position against the grid by vacuum or subatmosphericpressure. Finally the carton is advanced between guide rollers into anappropriate location for use by succeeding machinery. The machinery isadjustable for different sized cartons. The

Vacuum mechanism, being movably mounted, can be swung out of the way forservicing or cleaning or inspection of the interior. The device metersthe discharge to but a single carton at a time, yet operates quickly andeffectively, even with deformed cartons and those having adherentcoatings upon them, to furnish a steady service of individual cartonsproperly oriented for subsequent use.

We claim:

l. A carton feeding device comprising a framework, a carton magazine onsaid framework, a drive shaft journalled in said framework, a swingframe journalled `on said drive shaft, a grid on said swing frameregistering with -said magazine, a countershaft joumalled in said swingframe, sprockets on said drive. shaft and said countershaft, conveyorchains on said sprockets extending alongside said grid, guiding meansspaced laterally from said magazine, and stop means holding said swingframe in predetermined position of rotational adjustment about said'drive shaft, said stop means being adjustable to align said conveyorchains with respect to said guiding means.

2. A carton feeding device comprising a framework, a carton feedingmagazine on said framework, a swing frame, means for mounting said swingframe on said framework for pivotal movement about an axis at onel sideof said magazine, means for releasably holding said swing frame inselected position of rotation about said axis and in registry with saidmagazine, a conveyor on said swing frame adapted to advance transverselyof said magazine in a direction substantially perpendicular to saidaxis, and means for driving said conveyor.

3. A carton feeding device comprising a framework, a Vacuum box on saidframework, a grid spanning said vacuum box, means for advancing a cartontoward said grid, means for sliding the carton over said grid, and meansfor pressing the carton against said grid with sufficient force toflatten the carton but with insuiiicient force to prevent slidingmovement of the carton over said grid.

4. A carton feeding device comprising a hopper adapted to support astack of upright folded cartons, said hopper having spaced sidewalls anda bottom wall providing an open forward end, a centrally aperturedabutment wall disposed opposite the forward open end of said hopper inconfronting relation with cartons in the hopper, means mounting saidabutment wall for adjustment toward and away from the forward end of thesidewalls to a distance greater than the thickness of one carton butless than the thickness of two to define a discharge zone between thehopper and the wall, a grill disposed over the central aperture of saidwall, the outer edges of said grill being in the vertical plane of theface of the wall, air suction means operatively associated with thecentral opening in said wall for positioning the foremost carton in saidstack in flat abutting Contact with the face of said wall and with saidgrill and entirely Within said zone, and a pair of vertically spacedendless chain conveyors operatively mounted on said wall above and belowsaid grill and having lugs extending into the discharge zone a distancesucient to engage only the foremost carton in said stack.

5. A carton feeding device comprising a hopper adapted to support astack of upright folded cartons, said hopper having spaced sidewalls anda bottom wall providing an open forward end, an apertured flat abutmentwall disposed opposite the forward end of said hopper in confrontingrelation with cartons in the hopper, means mounting said abutment wallfor rotational adjustment about a vertical axis, said abutment wallbeing spaced from the forward end of the sidewalls a distance greaterthan the thickness of one carton `but less than the thickness of two todefine a discharge zone between the hopper and the wall, air suctionmeans operatively associated with the apertures in said abutment wallfor positioning the foremost carton in the stack in fiat abuttingcontact with said abutment wall and entirely within said zone, anendless chain conveyor operatively mounted on said abutment walladjacent said discharge zone and having lugs movable laterally throughsaid zone and projecting into the zone from the abutment wall side adistance sufficient to engage only the foremost carton in said stack, aguide roller mounted for rotation about an upright axis offset laterallyfrom said hopper in such position that the plane of said zone issubstantially tangential to the roller, and adjustable stop means forholding said abutment wall in selected fposition of rotationaladjustment about said axis to retain the wall with its plane inpredetermined relation to said roller.

6. Apparatus for positioning folded cartons in a carton feeding machinecomprising a vacuum box having an opening in a forward wall, a pluralityof spaced, parallel rods disposed across said opening to provide aplanar surface, a support `.cmber disposed below said opening undextending normal to said planar surface and adapted to receive thc loweredge of an upright folded carton,

means for subjecting said box to subatmospheric pressure to hold acarton disposed on said support against said rods in a flat planarposition, and means for sliding on the rods in a direction parallelthereto a carton held at against the rods.

7. A carton feeding device comprising a magazine for a supply of foldedcartons, a swing frame arranged in confronting relation to cartons inthe magazine and mounted for rotational adjustment about an axis at oneside of the magazine, a conveyor on said swing frame adapted to advanceone folded carton at a time laterally from the magazine in a directionparallel to the frame, guide rolls mounted for rotation about axeslaterally outward of the magazine in position to receive between therolls a folded carton advanced from the magazine by said conveyor, andmeans for compensating for curvature of folded cartons advanced by saidconveyor toward said guide rolls comprising adjustable stop means forholding said swing frame in selected position of rotational adjustmentabout said axis.

8. A carton feeding device comprising a magazine adopted to support asupply of folded cartons and having `an open discharge end, a swingframe arranged transversely of the magazine in spaced relation from thedischarge end of the magazine to define a discharge zone between theframe and magazine, means mounting said frame for rotational adjustment,a conveyor on said frame adapted to successively advance folded cartonslaterally from thc magazine, means causing the foremost folded carton insaid stack to be pressed at against said swing frame with pressureyieldable to permit said conveyor to move laterally a carton pressedagainst the frame, rotatably mounted guide rolls offset outward of saidmagazine in position to receive folded cartons advanced from themagazine by said conveyor, and means for compensating for curvature of aportion of a folded carton extending laterally from said swing frametoward said rolls comprising stop means for holding said swing frame inselected position of rotation adjustment.

9. A carton feeding device comprising a magazine adapted to support asupply of folded cartons and having an open discharge end, a swing framearranged transversely of the magazine in spaced relation from thedischarge end of the magazine to define a discharge zone between theframe and magazine, means mounting said frame for rotational adjustment,a conveyor on said frame adapted to successively advance folded cartonslaterally from the magazine, a vacuum mechanism elfective to cause theforemost folded carton in said stack to be pressed at against said swingframe with pressure yieldable to permit said conveyor to move laterallya carton pressed against the frame, rotatably mounted guide rolls offsetoutward of said magazine in position to receive folded cartons advancedfrom the magazine by said conveyor, and means for compensating forcurvature of a portion of a folded carton extending laterally from saidswing frame toward said rolls comprising stop means for holding saidswing frame in selected position of rotational adjustment.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS769,927 Zeh Sept. 13, 1904 907,944 Abrams Dec. 29, 1908 2,055,245 WernerSept. 22, 1936 2,161,124 Babicz .Tune 6, 1939 2,191,586 Richard Feb. 27,194() 2,572,509 Novick Oct. 23, 1951 2,621,928 Lauffer Dec. 16, 19522,624,576 Lauffer Jan. 6, 1953

